While it’s common knowledge that hot temperatures and high humidity contribute to tough racing conditions (i.e. Ironman Lanzarote, Ironman Hawaii, etc.), this study concludes it’s more than just the heat that affects performance. Additionally, it highlights the need to address increases in skin temperatures as well as core temperatures. Despite increased skin temperatures due to solar radiation, subjects’ core temperatures, sweat loss, heart rate and blood flow remained unchanged.

The results should serve as a reminder of the need to prepare adequately for a race in a sunny climate, which includes taking steps to mitigate the effects of sun exposure, such as wearing light-colored clothing and arm coolers, as well as training in warm, sunny environments before the race.